They did said “80 years or so” and “around 80 years”, maybe they did their calculation and predicted that this year is likely the time that it happen. They did give a huge margin of when it will happen though.
In March or April 2023, it dimmed to magnitude 12.3. A similar dimming occurred in the year before the 1946 outburst, indicating that it will likely erupt between April and September 2024.
On Dec. 30, 2023, Juno came within about 930 miles (1,500 kilometers) of the surface of the solar system's most volcanic world. It made a second ultra-close flyby of Io just this week.
spacecraft Juno out there buzzing Io at high speed
Good question. According to this article, the process going on with Betelgeuse does sound like the same or very similar to the process described in OP’s article.
The great dimming [of Betelgeuse] was caused by the star spitting out a lump of gas and dust, like chewing gum: or what scientists call a “surface mass ejection” caused by an “anomalously hot convective plume”.
OP’s article doesn’t say that the Old Smokers they found are red super-giants but since they called them old smokers, I’m inclined to think that they are. Also because they say that smoke contains much higher levels of heavy elements than is common in the region which would also be consistent with older stars. The article doesn’t say whether or not the stars puff out smoke on a regular schedule like Betelgeuse does, but then maybe they haven’t been watching them long enough to see a pattern yet.
It does seem like they found a bunch of older stars that are pre-supernova, just like Betelgeuse is, and burping out clouds of gas and dust.
I missed it at first as well. The second paragraph implies they are red giants. However, there is a distinction between a red giant and a red super-giant, if that is what you mean.
The “peculiar” puffing behavior of these stars has never been seen before in such red giants, astrophysicist Philip Lucas told AFP.
So, in my typical nature, I went right to the source and shot off an email to Professor Philip Lucas from the University of Hertfordshire. He was one of the primary researchers for the original paper. (P.W. Lucas et al.)
If it's not seen as much, that probably means the green material is heavier than iron. It's less common, but large enough stars can fuse even heavier elements. That's where all those elements on Earth came from in the first place.
phys.org
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