I happened to be able to see the 2017 one and it was so impactful I saved the date and made sure I’d make it happen. Cut forward 7 years and here I am with most of my immediate family (I have 6 siblings so having most is impressive).
It is an experience that can’t be captured by any form of digital or physical media and my only way to describe it is - it’s the closest thing to magic I’ve ever experienced.
I plan on saving up and going overseas for one as well.
That’s the zone for liquid water at the planet surface. There’s other sources of heat; gravitational pressure, geothermal vents from plate tectonics, etc. In this case they’re looking for methane with a chemical signature that indicates it comes from geothermal activity as opposed to other processes that generate methane.
So that’s also studies by astrobiologists looking at atmospheric methane because we know it can be created in large quantities by metabolism in an organism in addition to non organic processes, and in the atmosphere it reacts to sunlight so it needs to be replaced to stay present in large quantities.
This is something different where they’re looking for chemical signatures, primarily methane, indicating geothermal vents which we’ve seen providing the energy to sustain life on earth at the bottom of the ocean. If abiogenesis requires some non organic processes like sublimation, evaporation, heating up and cooling down, etc to allow a self repeating process to start and continue to hold form until it’s able to use sugars to continue to maintain itself instead of depending on its environment to kick start the life process then you’ll want to look for those phase changes or boundaries like water/atmosphere or extreme heat/cold to provide the gradient that natural process may need like those studied in systems chemistry.
I love this line, "...is an asteroid-sized moon orbiting a few thousand miles (or kilometers) above the Martian surface..." A few thousand miles...or kilometers, we don't care, pick your favorite.
I’ve been studying the range of neutron stars for some time and I feel confident it won’t be too long until much of our evidence and observations will show that black holes, quasars, super massive black holes and the range of other black holes are very likely, more extreme neutron stars - if not quark-like stars or stellar quantum-like objects. For fun, I’ve been also been focusing on colloids, extreme condensates and their quantum/relativistic phases/states; very revealing interactions and emergent properties. Now if we could just better observe zero-point energy…
Farming out to the lowest bidder works well when the guidelines are strict and the client (gvmnt) does good QA.
Lots of stuff was farmed out in the apollo mission and it was still ok. Strict QA was noted as a very important factor in why that mission was a success.
You can read the case study by NASA about this, and you’ll see that they have 1 article just about QA and how they did testing, and another one about testing and deadlines
If the distribution of those nine satellite galaxies across the entire Milky Way is similar to what was found in the footprint captured by the HSC-SSP, the research team calculates that there actually may be closer to 500 satellite galaxies
WTF? I was thinking there were around a dozen or so.
Higher speed impacts penetrate deep, but also cause the rock to melt. This fills in deeper craters, limiting the max depth a crater can be. There are still very deep huge craters, but these look more like big depressions than craters, because of how big they are. They are also themselves covered with craters usually, making their size and shape harder to see.
Because the diameter of the moon is 3474km, a difference of several kilometers would only amount to a fraction of a percent. So even though one crater is for example 10km deeper than another, relative to the size of the moon this is practically nothing. When viewing pics like these where the whole moon is visible, this matters.
The moon is a very uniform gray color and lacks the indicators our brain use to gauge depth. This makes it very hard to guess how deep the different craters are. You can see some craters have more shadows where others don’t, but they are also different shapes and sizes and the lighting is different so it’s hard to see.
There is also probably some part of the speeds of incoming stuff being within a certain range and the moonrocks being relatively uniform in materials, so the range of craters than can exists is probably limited. But I’m not certain how big of an factor this is and what the range is.
There are plenty of missions right now. China has landed a rover on the moon this month. And multiple countries have satellites in orbit around the moon. Nasa has their Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter which takes very high resolution images of the moon all the time and these are publiced on their website.
This image does a good job at making me realize we have explored basically nothing on the moon. SO much more to explore, yet we act like there’s no point trying to send more astronauts to the moon for decades. Please, increase NASA budget more.
According to the European scientists, “Euclid peered deep into this nursery using its infrared camera, exposing hidden regions of star formation for the first time, mapping its complex filaments of gas and dust in unprecedented detail, and uncovering newly formed stars and planets. Euclid’s instruments can detect objects just a few times the mass of Jupiter, and its infrared ‘eyes’ reveal over 300,000 new objects in this field of view alone.”
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