Adds a dimension in the sky with its own progression of ores, and a system of a progression of dungeons. Lots of new enemies. It has a kinda similar progression to playing vanilla survival minecraft, but it’s harder and the things you have to worry about are very different.
It’s one of the most polished mods out there and is intended for a standalone experience.
Mine & Slash this is a big modpack intended to change the game into a more combat oriented and fantasy themed game.
There are some that are designed to make the progression be a system of automating resource production, similar to games like Factorio or Satisfactory. Create is an example.
Ones like Blightfall are a complete curated experience with a story, a custom map, and a modpack.