Freight is definitely tracked but not necessarily scheduled in regular intervals. This is true for both trains and ships. Like it costs so much and the world isn’t always that consistent.
But yeah like cp/cn/CSX/ns/BNSF etc all know what’s on their lines and where.
However these lines are fully private unlike aviation so there is no requirement to publically provide any data.
For planes position data doesn’t even come from the airline but a govt mandated transponder that communicates on public frequency on the aircraft and private websites use a network of recieving radios donated or not spread across the world to provide the public with a service they also try to profit off of. This doesn’t exist for trains as far as I know. And I don’t think for ships either.